Top Free Navodaya EVS Question Passage 31 to 40 – JNV Class 6 2027

India is a very large and diverse country with many unique features. The highest peak in India is Kanchenjunga, located in Sikkim. The longest river of India is the Ganga, which flows from the Himalayas and meets the Bay of Bengal. The largest state of India by area is Rajasthan, while the largest state by population is Uttar Pradesh. The largest lake of India is Wular Lake, located in Jammu and Kashmir. The largest desert of India is the Thar Desert, spread across Rajasthan. All these unique places make India a special and diverse country, where mountains, rivers, deserts and lakes together create a beautiful picture.

Every country has its own special national symbols that represent its identity. India’s national animal is the tiger, known for its strength and beauty. India’s national bird is the peacock, whose beautiful feathers open up while dancing. India’s national flower is the lotus, which stays beautiful and clean even while growing in mud. India’s national fruit is the mango, also called the “king of fruits.” India’s national song is “Vande Mataram,” while the national anthem is “Jana Gana Mana,” written by Rabindranath Tagore. India’s national flag is the tricolour, with saffron, white and green colours, and a blue Ashoka Chakra in the middle. All these symbols represent India’s culture and pride.

India has different types of landforms, which also shape the way of life in each region. In the north lie the Himalayan mountains, where it is very cold and people wear woollen clothes. Below the mountains are vast plains, called the plains of North India, where the soil is very fertile and wheat and rice are grown. In the west lies the Thar Desert of Rajasthan, which has sand dunes and very hot weather. In South India, plateaus are found, which are high, flat lands. Along the sea lie coastal areas, such as Goa and Kerala, where fishing is a main occupation. In this way, the food, clothes and work of people living in each landform are different.

Diwali is one of the biggest and happiest festivals of India, also called the “Festival of Lights.” It is celebrated to mark the joy of Lord Ram’s return to Ayodhya after 14 years of exile. It is said that the people of Ayodhya decorated the whole city with earthen lamps to welcome Lord Ram, and since then, homes are decorated with lamps and lights every year on Diwali. On this day, people clean their homes, make rangoli, wear new clothes and distribute sweets. In the evening, Goddess Lakshmi and Lord Ganesha are worshipped for prosperity and happiness in the home. Children celebrate by lighting firecrackers, though nowadays there is a growing emphasis on celebrating Diwali without firecrackers to reduce pollution.

India mainly experiences four seasons throughout the year, and each season has its own special features. From March to June is the summer season, when the sun shines brightly and people wear light cotton clothes. From July to September comes the rainy season, with heavy rainfall, when farmers sow kharif crops such as paddy and maize. In October-November comes a mildly cool season, called autumn. From December to February is the winter season, when people wear woollen clothes and farmers sow rabi crops such as wheat and mustard. Different fruits and vegetables are available in each season, and people’s food and clothing also change accordingly.

India has many types of forests, which are very important for the country’s greenery and wildlife. Madhya Pradesh is called the “Green Heart of India” because it has the largest forest cover. The Sundarbans forests are in West Bengal, where mangrove trees and the Royal Bengal Tiger are found. Forests give us wood, fruits, herbs and clean air, and also help bring rainfall. Tribal people living in forests depend on forest produce and respect it. When forests are cut down, animals lose their homes and the soil also starts eroding. So the government and people together work to save forests and plant new trees, which is called afforestation.

India is an agricultural country where different crops are grown according to the season. Kharif crops are sown during the rainy season and harvested in September-October; these include paddy, maize, cotton and sugarcane. Rabi crops are sown during winter and harvested in March-April; these include wheat, mustard, gram and barley. Paddy needs a lot of water, so it is grown more in areas like West Bengal and Punjab. Sugarcane is used to make sugar and jaggery, while cotton is used to make cloth. Farmers also celebrate festivals with joy after harvesting crops, such as Baisakhi in Punjab and Pongal in Tamil Nadu. Crops give us not only food but also employment.

Our clothes are made from different types of fibres, and each fibre has its own special quality. Cotton fabric is made from the cotton plant and is very comfortable to wear in summer because it absorbs sweat. Silk fabric is made from the cocoons of silkworms and is very shiny and soft. Wool is made from the hair of sheep, and it is used to make sweaters and shawls that give warmth in winter. Some clothes are also made from synthetic fibres, such as nylon and polyester, which are made from petroleum. To make cloth, fibres are first spun into thread, and then the threads are woven into fabric. In this way, our clothes are made from both natural and synthetic fibres.

India has 28 states and several union territories, and each state has its own capital, from where the state government functions. The capital of Rajasthan is Jaipur, also called the “Pink City.” The capital of Maharashtra is Mumbai, also called the economic capital of India. The capital of West Bengal is Kolkata, while the capital of Tamil Nadu is Chennai. The national capital of India is New Delhi, where the Parliament House and Rashtrapati Bhavan are located. Some states even have two capitals, such as Himachal Pradesh, whose summer capital is Shimla and winter capital is Dharamshala. Capital cities are usually the centre of a state’s administration, major offices and important buildings.

The Thar Desert of Rajasthan is India’s largest desert, where sand dunes stretch far and wide. It is very hot during the day and quite cold at night here. There is a severe shortage of water in the desert, so people here use water very carefully and collect rainwater in tankas (underground tanks). The camel is called the “ship of the desert” because it can easily walk through the sand for many days without drinking water. The khejri tree is considered very useful in the desert because its leaves and pods are useful for both animals and humans. People here wear colourful clothes and find happiness in their difficult life through folk songs.