Top Free Navodaya EVS Question Passage 41 to 50 – JNV Class 6 2027

The Narmada is one of the few rivers in India that flows from east to west, while most Indian rivers flow from west to east. It originates at a place called Amarkantak in Madhya Pradesh and finally meets the Arabian Sea in Gujarat. The Narmada is considered very sacred, and many people walk its entire journey on foot, known as the Narmada Parikrama, which takes several months. Along its banks are marble rocks known as Bhedaghat, where the river flows between white marble cliffs. The Sardar Sarovar Dam has been built on the Narmada, which helps in irrigation and generating electricity.

The Aravalli mountain range is considered one of the oldest mountain ranges in the world, older even than the Himalayas. It starts in Rajasthan and stretches up to Haryana and Delhi. The highest peak of the Aravalli range is Guru Shikhar, located near Mount Abu. Because they are so old, the Aravalli mountains are no longer very high, as millions of years of rain and wind have slowly worn them down. The Aravalli range stops the Thar Desert from spreading further, meaning it protects Delhi and other cities from the desert expanding towards them. Leopards, nilgai and many kinds of birds are found in these mountains. Protecting the Aravalli is very important, because if they are cut down, the desert could spread quickly.

Indian Railways is one of the largest railway networks in the world. India’s first train ran on 16 April 1853 between Mumbai (then Bombay) and Thane, with 14 carriages and around 400 passengers. In the beginning, trains ran on coal-powered steam engines, which released a lot of smoke. Over time, diesel engines came, and now most trains run on electricity, which is faster and cleaner. Indian Railways carries millions of people from one city to another every day and also transports goods. In recent years, high-speed trains like Vande Bharat have also been introduced. The train is an affordable means of travel for both poor and rich people.

Ranthambore National Park is located in Rajasthan and is one of the most famous places in India to see tigers. There is also an old fort here, located right in the middle of the forest, which is why it is called “Ranthambore Fort.” To save tigers, the Government of India launched a scheme called “Project Tiger” in 1973, under which several forests like Ranthambore were declared protected areas (tiger reserves). At one time, the number of tigers in India had become very low due to hunting, but because of these efforts, the number of tigers is now increasing. Besides tigers, animals like leopards, deer and crocodiles are also found in Ranthambore. Tourists come on jeep safaris to see these animals in their natural surroundings.

Mangroves are special kinds of trees and plants that grow in salty water areas where the sea and rivers meet. Their roots stick up above the water, helping them stand firmly in muddy ground. India’s Sundarbans has the largest mangrove forest in the world. Mangrove forests help protect coastal areas from disasters like sea storms and tsunamis, because their dense roots reduce the strength of strong waves. These forests are also home to fish, crabs and many birds. Mangrove trees can survive even in salty water because their leaves are able to push out extra salt. That is why protecting mangrove forests is very important for the safety of coastal areas.

A cyclone is a fast-spinning storm that forms over warm ocean water. When the sea water becomes very warm, the air above it rises quickly, forming a large spinning circle of clouds. In India, the coastal areas of Odisha, Andhra Pradesh and West Bengal are often affected by cyclones. Cyclones bring strong winds, heavy rain and high sea waves, which can damage houses and trees. The weather department uses satellites to give advance warning about an approaching cyclone, so that people can be moved to safe places in time. Having mangrove forests along the coast helps reduce the impact of cyclones to some extent.

Drought occurs when an area receives very little or no rainfall for a long period. This causes rivers, ponds and wells to dry up, and it becomes very difficult for crops to grow in fields. Drought causes great loss to farmers, because their crops fail and there is also no fodder for animals. There is also a severe shortage of drinking water, causing trouble for both people and animals. Some areas of Rajasthan in India are often affected by drought. To deal with drought, it is important to practise rainwater harvesting, dig ponds, and adopt water-saving habits. Planting trees also helps bring rainfall, so afforestation is a good way to prevent drought.

Dal Lake in Kashmir is famous for its beauty and its unique houseboats (homes that float on water). These houseboats are made of wood and float on the lake, yet they are as comfortable inside as a regular house, with bedrooms, a sitting room and even a kitchen. Long ago, during British times, it was difficult to buy land in Kashmir, so people started building homes on water instead, and the tradition of houseboats has continued ever since. These houseboats are decorated with wood carvings and beautiful carpets. Tourists stay in these houseboats to enjoy the beauty of the lake. People travel to and from the houseboats and take rides on the lake in a small boat called a shikara.

On winter mornings, when we go outside, we see tiny shining drops on grass and leaves, called dew. At night, when the air becomes cold, the water vapour present in the air touches cold surfaces like grass and leaves and turns into small droplets — this is called dew. Similarly, when the air near the ground becomes very cold, the water vapour in the air turns into tiny droplets that float near the earth — this is called fog. Because of fog, distant things cannot be seen clearly, which makes driving difficult. Both dew and fog are part of the water cycle, and they also help give a little water to plants, especially in areas where rainfall is low.

The banyan tree is India’s national tree and can live for hundreds of years. A special feature of this tree is that aerial roots hang down from its branches, and when they reach the ground, they turn into new thick roots. Because of this, a single banyan tree can spread so much that it looks like an entire grove, and the Botanical Garden in Kolkata has one such banyan tree that alone looks like a small forest. The banyan tree gives a lot of shade, which is why people in villages have traditionally sat under it for panchayat meetings and rest. This tree gives both home and food to many birds and animals. The leaves and bark of the banyan tree are also used in some home remedies.