Top Free Navodaya EVS Question Passage 81 to 90 – JNV Class 6 2027

At Prayagraj (formerly Allahabad), the Ganga and Yamuna rivers meet, and this meeting point is called the Sangam. It is said that a third river, the Saraswati, also flows here underground and joins at this Sangam, though it cannot be seen with the eyes. At the Sangam, the water of the Ganga appears light brown, while the water of the Yamuna appears green, and both colours look clearly different until they fully mix together. Every 12 years, the Kumbh Mela is held here, one of the largest religious fairs in the world, where crores of people come to bathe. People go by boat to the middle of the Sangam to pray and bathe there. This place shows the deep connection between India’s rivers and faith.

The Nilgiri Hills are located on the border of Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Karnataka in South India and are part of the Western Ghats. The word “Nilgiri” means “blue mountains,” and it is believed that this name came from the blue flowers that bloom here, called Kurinji flowers, which bloom only once every 12 years. The highest peak of the Nilgiris is Doddabetta. There is a very beautiful hill station here called Ooty, also called the “Queen of Hills,” where tea plantations have been grown since British times. A special kind of goat, the Nilgiri Tahr, is found in the Nilgiri hills, found only in this region. The cool climate and dense forests here make it an excellent place for wildlife.

Children are often amazed to see an aeroplane flying in the air, because it is very heavy. An aeroplane uses the special shape of its wings to fly. The upper part of the wing is curved and the lower part is straight, so when the plane moves forward quickly, air passes faster over the top of the wings and slower underneath. This makes air pressure lower above the wings and higher below, which pushes the plane upward — this is called “lift.” India’s first domestic air service began in 1932. Nowadays aeroplanes are very fast and can take people from one corner of the world to another in just a few hours. The aeroplane is considered the fastest and most convenient means of transport, though it is more expensive than other means.

The peacock is India’s national bird and is famous worldwide for its beauty. In fact, only the male peacock has the colourful, long tail feathers, which it opens and dances with during the rainy season to attract the female peahen. The feathers of a peacock have shiny blue and green “eye-like” patterns, which look even more brilliant in sunlight. The peahen’s feathers are plain brown, so that she can hide easily while laying eggs. The peacock also hunts snakes, which is why it is considered a farmer’s friend. A peacock can run fast, but it finds flying difficult because both its body and tail are heavy. In India, hunting peacocks is strictly banned by law.

Sea turtles are very unique creatures that travel thousands of kilometres to lay their eggs. A female turtle always returns to the same beach where she herself hatched, no matter how far away that place is. Every year, lakhs of Olive Ridley turtles come to lay eggs at Gahirmatha beach in Odisha, one of the largest turtle nesting sites in the world. The female turtle digs a pit in the sand and lays more than 100 eggs in it, then covers it with sand and returns to the sea. A few weeks later, tiny babies hatch from the eggs and crawl towards the sea on their own. Unfortunately, many turtles die due to ocean pollution and getting trapped in fishing nets, so protecting them is very important.

A landslide occurs when soil, stones and rocks in hilly areas suddenly slide down a slope. This usually happens after heavy rain, when water soaks into the soil and makes it heavy and weak, causing it to separate from the mountain and fall down. In areas where trees have been cut down, the risk of landslides is even higher, because tree roots hold the soil together. Landslides block roads, break houses, and sometimes even cost people their lives. To reduce the risk of landslides, it is important to plant trees on hill slopes, build retaining walls, and avoid heavy construction. In hilly areas like the Himalayas and Western Ghats, landslide warnings are often issued during the monsoon.

In India’s northeastern states, such as Assam and Meghalaya, people traditionally live in houses made of bamboo, also called “chang ghar.” These houses are built slightly above the ground on stilts, to protect against floodwater and wild animals. Bamboo is a light, strong and easily available material, so building a house with it is also cheap. The walls and floors of these houses are made by weaving bamboo strips, and the roof is made of straw or tin. Bamboo houses stay cool in summer and relatively warm in winter, because bamboo has a natural system for air to pass through. Even during earthquakes, light bamboo houses cause less damage than stone or brick houses, so these houses are considered safe in earthquake-prone areas.

The clouds seen in the sky are of many types, and we can also guess the weather from their shapes. White, round, cotton-like clouds are called cumulus, which usually indicate clear and good weather. Thin, hair-like clouds found very high up in the sky are called cirrus, made of tiny ice particles. When clouds cover the entire sky and look like a layered sheet, they are called stratus, which often bring light rain or drizzle. Heavy, dark, dense clouds that bring rain with loud thunder are called cumulonimbus. Clouds are actually made up of tiny water droplets or ice particles that float in the air until they become heavy enough to fall as rain.

Plants stay rooted in one place, yet their seeds spread far and wide — this is a unique thing in itself. Some plants, like mango and jamun, attract birds and animals with their sweet fruits, which eat the fruit and carry the seeds far away, sowing them elsewhere through droppings. Seeds of some plants, like dandelion and akra (milkweed), have a light, feather-like structure that lets them fly far with the wind. Some seeds, like the coconut, float on water and reach faraway shores. Seeds of some plants, like burdock, are thorny and stick to animal fur or human clothes, travelling from one place to another. In this way, nature has created many unique ways to spread seeds.

If you have ever travelled to a hilly area, you would have noticed that the roads there are not straight but winding, also called “hairpin bends.” This is done because if a road is built straight on a steep slope, vehicles would need a lot more power to climb up, and there would also be a greater risk of brake failure while going down. By building winding roads, the slope is gradually reduced, making driving easier and safer. Many such winding bends can be seen on the road to Rohtang Pass in Himachal Pradesh and on the roads of Sikkim. Building roads in hilly areas is far more difficult and expensive than in plains, because rocks have to be cut and there is also a risk of landslides.